how are hands affected by arthritis?

Arthritis can significantly impact the hands, affecting various joints and leading to a range of symptoms. Understanding how arthritis affects the hands is crucial for managing the condition effectively.

Types of Arthritis Affecting the Hands

1. Osteoarthritis (OA):

   • Affects the entire joint, including bone, cartilage, ligaments, and muscles.
   • Commonly impacts the base of the thumb, leading to difficulties in gripping or pinching objects.
   • May cause bumps known as Heberden’s nodes and Bouchard’s nodes at the finger joints.

2. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):

   • Often begins in smaller joints, such as those in the hands and wrists.
   • Symptoms include an inability to form a complete fist and symmetrical joint involvement.
   • Long-standing RA can lead to finger deviation and increased susceptibility to carpal tunnel syndrome.

3. Gout:

   • Caused by high uric acid levels, leading to painful, swollen joints, typically affecting one joint at a time.

4. Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA):

   • Characterised by swelling that gives fingers a ‘sausage-like’ appearance and may involve nail pitting.

Common Symptoms

People with hand arthritis may experience:

• Pain: Often exacerbated by activity or weather changes.
• Swelling: Joints may appear inflamed.
• Stiffness: Particularly noticeable in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
• Weakness: Difficulty performing fine motor tasks, such as turning a key or tying shoelaces.

Managing Hand Arthritis

To manage symptoms effectively, consider the following strategies:

Joint Protection Techniques

• Awareness: Pay attention to how you use your hands during daily activities. For instance, when making a hot drink, observe the strain on your joints.
• Modify Activities: Use two hands for lifting heavy items or employ tools that reduce strain, like a tap turner.
• Take Breaks: Regularly rest your hands during activities to prevent overuse.

Assistive Devices

• Gadgets: Use tools with larger, easier-to-grip handles and electric devices to reduce the need for tight gripping.
• Splints: These can support painful joints, particularly at the base of the thumb, but should not restrict movement excessively.

Pain Relief Options

• Heat and Cold Therapy: Applying heat can relieve stiffness, while cold packs may reduce swelling.
• Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and topical creams can help manage pain.

Exercise

• Regular Movement: Gentle exercises can maintain joint flexibility and strength. It’s essential to perform these exercises within a comfortable range of motion.
• Balance Rest and Activity: Finding the right balance between rest and exercise is crucial to prevent stiffness while avoiding overexertion.

Conclusion

Arthritis can profoundly affect the hands, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced functionality. By employing joint protection techniques, using assistive devices, managing pain effectively, and engaging in regular exercise, individuals can better manage their symptoms and maintain their quality of life.

If you have specific concerns or need tailored advice, please consult a healthcare professional who can provide guidance based on your individual situation.